Antiepilectic drugs

                                     ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS

INTRODUCTION

Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by convulsion seizures or less of consciousness or both.

Convulsion

Convulsion refers to uncontrolled involuntary muscular contraction. Convulsion seizure means sudden attack of uncontrolled involuntary muscular contractions.

Epileptic

Patient affected by epilepsy is called epileptic. The persion with epilepsy remains normal in between seizures.

Types of Epilepsy

1. General epilepsy

General epilepsy is the type of epilepsy that occurs due to excessive discharge of impulses from all parts of the brain.

2  Localized epilepsy

Epilepsy that occurs because of excessive discharge of impulses from one part of brain is called localized epilepsy.

CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS

1 Barbiturate                  -  Phenobarbitone
2 Deoxybarbiturate        - Primidone 
3 Hydantoin                    - Phenytoin
                                         -  Fosphenytoin

4 Iminostilbene              -  Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine
5 Succinimide                 - Ethosuximide
6 Aliphatic carboxylic acid    -Valproic acid

                                                 -  Divaprox

7 Benzodiazepines                 - Clonazepam,             

                                                 -Diazepam

                                                  -Lorazepam                   

                                                   -Clobazam

8 Phenyltriazine                       - Lamotrigine
9 Cyclic GABA analogue        - Gabapentin

                          
10 Newer drugs  -Vigabatrin

                             -Topiramate

                             -Tiagabine

                             - Zonisamide

                             - Levetiracetam

Phenobarbitone

phenobarbitone is one of the cheapest and least toxic antiepileptics.

Phenytoin

Phenytoin is a firt line antiepileptic drug.
Dose - 100 mg BD, maximum 400 mg/day
Children 5-8 mg /kg/ day.

Carbamazepine

Carbamazepine is the most effective drug for CPS and shares first choice drug status with phenytoin for GTCS and SPS.

Dose - 200- 400 mg TDS

Ethosuximide

The only indication for ethosuximide is absence seizures in that also it has been supereseded by valproate.
Dose - 20- 30 mg

Valproic acid

Valproic acid is the drug of choice for absence seizures.
Dose - adult 200 mg TDS maximum 800mg  TDS

Clonazepam

Clonazepam has been primarily employed in absence seizures.
Dose - adult 0.5- 5 mg TDS .Children 0.02-0.2 mg/ day.

TREATMENT OF EPILEPSIES

Antiepileptic drugs suppress siezures, but do not cure disorder the disease may fadeout though after years of successful control. The aim of drugs is to control and totally prevent all seizure activity at an acceptable level of side effects. With the currently available drugs, this can be achieved in about half of the patients.

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Milan Tomic

Hi. I’m Designer of Blog Magic. I’m CEO/Founder of ThemeXpose. I’m Creative Art Director, Web Designer, UI/UX Designer, Interaction Designer, Industrial Designer, Web Developer, Business Enthusiast, StartUp Enthusiast, Speaker, Writer and Photographer. Inspired to make things looks better.

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