Malaria

Malaria

Any fever can be malaria, which is spread by bite of infected female anopheles mosquito as it contains malaria parasite in its salivary gland.

The female anopheles mosquito needs blood meal to lay eggs and injects malarial parasite.

The malarial parasite is called Plasmodium. (PVivex,P
Falciparm, P.Oval,P. Malaral)

Agent. It is Malaria Parasite which is of four types.

1.Plasmodium vivax (it is very common about 70% cases are of this type)

2.Plasmodium falciparm (It will cause cerebral malaria and about 25 to 30% cases are present.)

3.Plasmodium ovale (It is rare)

4.Plasmodium malaral (It is also very rare.)

Host:

1.Malaria is common in all age groups and in both the sexes

2.Malaria during pregnancy is of high risk

3.Migration of population is also responsible for spread of malaria infection,

Environment:

1.Mosquito is present in ill ventilated and in dark rooms

(ill lighted)

2.Over head tanks.which are open, cause mosquito breeding

3.Desert coolers in which water is collected for long period

4.In rainy season,there is collection of water at various places which are named

as follows:

A.Temporary breeding places

B.Permanent breeding places.

C.Pits, pot holes construction places

D. Material over the roof like tyres. tincortainers, empíy botties etc where rainy water is collected causing breeding of mosquitoes

Complications:

1.Chill and vigor

2.Very high fever resulting in death

3.Severe Anaemia

4.Brain fever(Cerebral malaria), Pernicious malaria

5.Swelling of lungs

6.Jaundice

Life Cycle of Anopheles Mosquito

1. Eggs

2. Larva

3. Pupa

4. Adult

Life Cycle of Malaria Parasite

1. Sexual LifeCycle: In stomach of Female Anopheles Mosquito

2 Asexual LifeCycle: In Man

Control

1. Case Finding by Active and Passive Surveillance (By searching cases and drawing slides of fever cases.)

2. Avoid bite of mosquitoes (Use of Mosquito net /Repellants/Coils/Mats

3.Anti-larval and Adult measures-By spray

Clinical features:

i.High fever, chill and rigor

ii.Cold stage:patient feels very cold and will cover his body with one or two blankets.

iii.Hot stage:after sometime he removes blanket as he is not Feeling cold

iv.Sweating stage:lot of sweat comes out and temperature comes down

v.Enlarged spleen

vi.Anaemia: weight loss

5.The mosquito usually bites in the evening so the children should not be allowed to play outside

Prevention of Dengue/Malaria

* Avoid mosquite bite by wearing full sleeves clothes.

» Use of mosquito repellents/coils.

- Use of mosquito nets.

» Drain out water from desert coller/tank/tins/Tyres etc.

» Over head tanks should be tightly closed to avoid mosquito breeding

» Any fever could be Malaria/Dengue send the patient to Hospital.

Role of Health Worker:

1. Surveillance of fever cases (Search for cases and find)

2. Make thick and thin blood slide and send it to malaria/clinic laboratory for diagnosis.

3. Collect the reports and if Blood smear is M.P+ve, send the case to doctor for treatment.

4. Detect mosquito breeding places and take Anti Larval and Anti Adult measures.

5. Insecticidal spraying

6 Health Education

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Milan Tomic

Hi. I’m Designer of Blog Magic. I’m CEO/Founder of ThemeXpose. I’m Creative Art Director, Web Designer, UI/UX Designer, Interaction Designer, Industrial Designer, Web Developer, Business Enthusiast, StartUp Enthusiast, Speaker, Writer and Photographer. Inspired to make things looks better.

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